The stages of a typical civil case in India are as follows: Filing of the Suit: The plaintiff files a plaint (similar to a complaint in the US) before the appropriate court with jurisdiction. Service of Summons and Written Statement: The defendant is served with the summons and the copy of the plaint, and then files a written statement to respond to the plaintiff's allegations. First Hearing: The court fixes a date for the first hearing of the case, during which the parties' arguments are heard and the court may issue directions for further proceedings. Framing of Issues: The court identifies and frames the issues to be decided in the case based on the parties' pleadings. Discovery and Inspection: The parties engage in the process of discovery and inspection to obtain and exchange relevant documents, evidence, and information related to the case. Mediation and Settlement: The court may refer the parties to mediation or settlement proceedings to explore the possibility of resolving the dispute amicably. Evidence: Both parties present their evidence and witnesses to prove their case before the court. Final Arguments: The parties present their final arguments before the court. Judgment: The court delivers its judgment and pronounces its decision, either granting or dismissing the relief sought by the plaintiff. Appeal: Either party may file an appeal before the appropriate appellate court if dissatisfied with the judgment. Execution of Decree: If the judgment is not appealed or is upheld on appeal, the prevailing party may take steps to enforce the judgment, such as by obtaining a decree and executing it against the losing party's assets.
